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Rather, it proves the objective reality of sense perception if there is no explanation of it in light of the principle of causality except by an objective reality that produces the sense perception.
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This is because the principle of causality does not prove the existence of that reality, as long as it is possible to explain a sense perception by the specific case of the illness. Were it not for this principle, sense perception or the presence of a thing in the senses could not reveal the existence of that thing in another sphere.īecause of this, in a specific case of illness, a human being may perceive certain things, or imagine that he sees them, without discovering an objective reality of those things. The occurrence of the form of a specific thing under specific circumstances and conditions reveals, in accordance with this principle, the existence of an external cause of that thing. This evidence is the principle and laws of causality. Therefore, we need evidence to prove the objectivity of every specific sense perception. But the objective reality of every sense perception is not known in a necessary manner. However, this necessary assent indicates only the existence of an external reality of the world in general. For this reason, it does not require evidence. The assent to the existence of an objective reality of the world is a primary necessary assent. 304)Īs a result of this, the problem we face is that if sense perception is not in itself evidence for the existence of the sensible thing that lies outside the limits of awareness and knowledge, then how can we assent to the existence of the objective reality? The answer is revealed in light of our study of the theory of knowledge. Therefore, sense perception is not a sufficient ground for assent, judgement or knowledge concerning the objective reality. That is why, in the case of certain illnesses, a human being may have sense perception of certain things, without assenting to the existence of those things. It does not have the character of a true disclosure of an external reality. It is the presence of the form of the sensible thing in the sense faculties. In 'The Theory of Knowledge', we pointed out that sense perception is nothing but a form of conception. Causality and the Objectivity of Sense Perception Were it not for the principle and laws of causality, it would not be possible to demonstrate the objectivity of sense perception, nor any scientific theory or law.įurther, it would not be possible to draw any inference in any field of human knowledge on the basis of any kind of evidence. The following things depend on the principle of causality: (1) demonstration of the objective reality of sense perception (2) all the scientific theories and laws that are based on experimentation and (3) the possibility of inference and its conclusions in any philosophical or scientific field. That is why human beings are always confronted with the question: 'Why.?' This question is raised concerning every existence and every phenomenon of which they are aware, so that if they do not find a specific cause, they believe that there is an unknown cause that produced the event in question. They search for the source of a sound, again in order to know its cause. Thus, such animals instinctively pay attention to the source of motion in order to know its cause. This motive is inborn in human nature.Īlso, is may be present in a number of animals. 808) a human being finds at the heart of his nature a motive that causes him to attempt to explain the things he encounters and to justify the existence of such things by disclosing their causes.
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It is one of the necessary rational principles for (p. This principle states that for everything there is a cause. The principle of causality is one of the primary propositions known to people in their ordinary lives.